Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, there were approximately 404.6 million UTI cases globally in that year alone. While UTIs are more common in women due to their anatomy, men can also experience these painful infections. The good news? Many UTIs can be prevented by following simple daily habits that promote urinary tract health.
To provide expert insights, we sat down with Dr. Joseph Dela Paz, a Family Medicine Specialist at Doctor Anywhere, to discuss UTI prevention tips, common misconceptions, and when it’s time to see a doctor.
What Causes UTIs?
“The most common cause of UTI is a bacterial infection, particularly E. coli,” explains Dr. Joseph. “Although many bacteria can cause UTI, E. coli is the most prevalent based on studies. This bacteria is typically found in human feces, contaminated food, or water. When E. coli reaches the urinary tract, it can lead to infection.”
UTIs happen when bacteria enter the urinary tract through the urethra and reach the bladder. Normally, the body flushes out bacteria, but sometimes it doesn’t get rid of them completely. When bacteria stay in the urinary tract, they can multiply and cause an infection.
Daily Habits to Prevent UTI
Preventing UTI starts with proper hygiene, fluid intake, and a healthy diet. Dr. Joseph shared key habits to incorporate into your daily routine:
1. Prioritize Proper Hygiene
“Don’t hold in your urine—go as soon as you feel the urge. While holding your pee doesn’t directly cause a UTI, it allows bacteria to multiply in the bladder, increasing the risk of infection,” explains Dr. Joseph.
Practicing good perineal hygiene is also essential, especially for women. “Always wipe from front to back to prevent bacteria from reaching the urinary tract,” he advises. This simple habit reduces the risk of bacterial contamination.
Wearing breathable clothing also helps maintain a clean and dry environment. “Cotton underwear and loose-fitting pants prevent moisture buildup, which can encourage bacterial growth,” says Dr. Joseph. Additionally, avoid using harsh soaps or feminine hygiene sprays that may disrupt the natural bacterial balance in the intimate area.
2. Stay Hydrated
Drinking enough fluids is one of the easiest and most effective ways to prevent UTIs. “Drinking at least 2 to 3 liters of water per day helps flush out bacteria from the urinary tract before they can cause infection,” says Dr. Joseph.
However, not all beverages are beneficial. “Limit your intake of caffeine and alcohol, as these are diuretics that can lead to dehydration,” he adds. Staying hydrated ensures that your urinary system functions properly and reduces the likelihood of infection.
3. Eat a Healthy Diet
A balanced diet plays a role in UTI prevention by supporting the immune system. “Eating a nutritious diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and probiotics can help your body fight infections more effectively,” explains Dr. Joseph.
Cranberries and probiotic-rich foods like yogurt may also help prevent UTIs. While more research is needed, some studies suggest that these foods can inhibit bacterial growth in the urinary tract.
Common Misconceptions About UTI
Misinformation about UTIs can lead to unnecessary worry or improper treatment. Dr. Joseph clears up three of the most common myths:
Misconception 1: All UTIs Require Antibiotics
Not all UTIs need antibiotics. There is a condition called asymptomatic bacteriuria, where bacteria are present in the urine but do not cause symptoms. “In most cases, this does not require antibiotics and can be managed with proper hydration,” says Dr. Joseph. However, he emphasizes that pregnant women and individuals undergoing urinary procedures should seek medical advice, as they may require treatment.
Misconception 2: Only Women Get UTIs
While it’s true that women are more prone to UTIs due to their shorter urethra, men can also develop urinary tract infections. “When an adult male gets a UTI, it is often considered a complicated case and should be evaluated by a doctor immediately,” Dr. Joseph explains. In men, UTIs are often linked to underlying health conditions such as an enlarged prostate or kidney stones.
Misconception 3: UTIs Are Sexually Transmitted
UTIs are not sexually transmitted infections (STIs), but sexual activity can increase the risk of developing one. “During intercourse, bacteria can enter the urinary tract, especially in women,” says Dr. Joseph. Urinating after sex helps flush out any bacteria that may have entered the urethra, reducing the risk of infection.
When Should You See a Doctor?
If you experience any of the following symptoms, it’s best to seek medical attention:
Pain or burning sensation when urinating
Frequent urge to urinate, even with little urine output
Urinary incontinence (leaking urine before reaching the bathroom)
Blood in the urine
“For pregnant women or individuals undergoing urinary procedures, a consultation is also recommended, even without symptoms,” adds Dr. Joseph. “If you’ve had UTI symptoms three or more times within six months, consult a doctor to explore further treatment options.”
“The easiest and most effective way to prevent UTIs is by increasing your fluid intake,” advises Dr. Joseph. “Many people forget to drink enough water because of their busy lives, but staying hydrated can prevent a lot of health issues.”
If you suspect you have a UTI, don’t hesitate to consult a doctor for proper guidance and treatment. Use the Doctor Anywhere app so you can conveniently book an online consultation with a licensed doctor and get the care you need from the comfort of your home. Plus, with DA Healthwise annual health plan, you can access discounted video consultations with doctors 24/7, for just ₱99/year.
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Sources:
1. Dr. Dela Paz, Joseph Willie. Interviewed on 10 February 2025.
3. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20353447
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